In an open letter, Universal accused TikTok of “trying to build a music-based business, without paying fair value for the music”.
Both sides have been discussing the terms of a new agreement, with their existing contract set to expire on Jan 31.
But their deal has not been renewed.
Among the issues raised in talks were “appropriate compensation” for artists and songwriters, online safety for users, as well as the protection of artists from the harms of artificial intelligence, the letter added.
But as negotiations proceeded, Universal said: “TikTok attempted to bully us into accepting a deal worth less than the previous deal, far less than fair market value and not reflective of their exponential growth.”
Major music companies earn royalty payments from streaming and social media platforms.
Universal said, however, that TikTok proposed paying “a rate that is a fraction of the rate that similarly situated major social platforms pay”.
In a statement, TikTok said it was “sad and disappointing that Universal Music Group has put their own greed above the interests of their artists”.
Calling Universal’s characterisations “false”, the social media giant said the label had “chosen to walk away from the powerful support of a platform with well over a billion users that serves as a free promotional and discovery vehicle for their talent”.
Despite TikTok’s large user base, it accounts for just about 1 per cent of Universal’s total revenue, the label said.
Universal noted other problems such as large amounts of AI-generated recordings on the platform, alongside what it called a lack of effort to deal with infringements on artists’ music.
Artists on Universal’s labels include Taylor Swift and The Weeknd.
Owned by Chinese company ByteDance, TikTok is one of the most popular social media platforms globally, with more than one billion users.
